Manejo con cinco antihipertensivos en paciente con pubertad precoz. Reporte de caso / Management with five antihypertensives in patient with precocious puberty. Case report

RESUMEN Introducción: la hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita por deficiencia de 11-beta-Hidroxilasa es una enfermedad autosómica recesiva poco frecuente, y en estadios avanzados sus complicaciones cardiovasculares exigen un manejo aún más complejo. Presentación del caso: paciente masculino que inicia pubarca a los 2 años de edad, por lo que se diagnostica hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita por deficiencia de 11-beta-Hidroxilasa, y subsecuente hipertensión desde sus 5 años. Consulta a los 8 años de edad por una intoxicación alimentaria que desencadena una insuficiencia adrenal. Adicionalmente se diagnostica pubertad precoz periférica, melanodermia, hipopotasemia e hipertrofia ventricular izquierda. Requiere manejo con hidrocortisona a dosis de estrés y uso de cinco antihipertensivos. Discusión: el tratamiento determina el pronóstico del paciente; al no realizarse el manejo oportuno puede producirse pubertad precoz e hipertensión arterial con complicaciones irreversibles como deterioro de la talla final y la hipertrofia ventricular izquierda respectivamente.

SUMMARY Introduction: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11 beta-hydroxylase deficiency is an infrequent autosomal recessive disease and the associated cardiovascular complications in the advanced stages make the management even more complex. Case presentation: A male patient who starts pubarche at 2 years old, therefore, he is diagnosed with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11 beta-hydroxylase deficiency, and subsequent hypertension from age 5. At eight-years-old, he is hospitalized for a foodborne illness that causes adrenal insufficiency. Additionally, he is diagnosed with peripheral precocious puberty, melanoderma, hypokalemia and left ventricular hypertrophy. He required stress dose of hydrocortisone and five antihypertensives. Discussion: Treatment determines a patient's prognosis. Therefore, once precocious puberty and hypertension produce irreversible complications such as deterioration of the final height and left ventricular hypertrophy respectively, the management is extremely difficult.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency: description of a new mutation, R384X / Hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita por déficit de 11-beta-hidroxilasa: descripción de una nueva mutación, R384X

Abstract Case Description: It is presented the phenotype of a new compound heterozygous mutation of the genes R384X and Q356X encoding the enzyme of 11-beta-hydroxylase Clinical Findings: Severe virilization, peripheral hypertension, and early puberty. Treatment and Outcome: Managed with hormone replacement therapy (corticosteroid) and antihypertensive therapy (beta-blocker), resulting in the control of physical changes and levels of arterial tension. Clinical Relevance: According to the phenotypic characteristics of the patient, it is inferred that the R384X mutation carries an additional burden on the Q356X mutation, with the latter previously described as a cause of 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency. The description of a new genotype, as in this case, expands the understanding of the hereditary burden and deciphers the various factors that lead to this pathology as well as the other forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), presenting with a broad spectrum of clinical presentations. This study highlights the importance of a complete description of the patient's CAH genetic profile as well as their parents' genetic profile.

Resumen Descripción del Caso: Se presenta el fenotipo de una nueva mutación heterocigota compuesta en los genes Q356X y R384X que codifican la enzima 11-beta-hidroxilada Hallazgos Clínicos: Virilización severa, pubertad precoz periférica e hipertensión. Tratamiento y Resultados: Manejo con terapia de reemplazo hormonal con corticoide y antihipertensivo con beta-bloqueador con lo que se logró controlar los cambios físicos y los niveles de tensión arterial. Relevancia Clínica: Según las características fenotípicas del paciente se infiere que la mutación R384X acarrea una carga adicional a la mutación Q356X, esta última descrita como causa de deficiencia de 11-beta-hidroxilasa. La descripción de nuevos genotipos, como en este caso, permite ampliar la comprensión de la carga hereditaria y descifrar los diversos factores que llevan a que esta patología, así como las demás formas de hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita (HSC), se presenten con un amplio espectro de cuadros clínicos. Esto permite resaltar la importancia de una descripción completa del perfil genético del paciente con HSC y de sus padres.

Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumor in 11-Beta-Hydroxylase Deficiency Driven Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Testicular adrenal rest tumors (TART) occur often as asymptomatic nodules in corticotropin-dependent lesions aberrant adrenal tissue in congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) patients. The present manuscript is about an unusual case of a 16-year-old CAH patient due to 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency. He underwent testicle biopsy because of testicle tumor suspicion and diagnosed with TART.

Small interference RNA-mediated CYP 1B 1 gene silencing inhibits the proliferation of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells induced by polyunsaturated fatty acids / 肿瘤

Objective: To investigate the effect of CYP 1B 1 (cytochrome P-450 1B1) gene silencing induced by small interference RNA (siRNA) on the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells treated with EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and AA (arachidonic acid). Methods: The proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells treated with EPA or AA was detected by CCK-8 (cell counting kit-8) assay. The expression of CYP1B1 was interfered by RNAi (RNA interference) technique. The transfection efficiency was examined by realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR (RFQ-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. The expression levels of CYP1B1 and COMT (catechol-O -methyltransferase) mRNAs and proteins in MDA-MB-231 cells interfered with siRNA and treated with EPA or AA were determined by RFQ-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The viability of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells interfered with siRNA and treated with EPA or AA was detected by CCK-8 assay. Results: The cell number of EPA-treated group was lower while the cell number of AA-treated group was higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). The expression levels of CYP1B1 mRNA and protein were decreased in MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with CYP1B1 siRNA, while the expression levels of COMT mRNA and protein were increased. The proliferation of MDA-MB -231 cells transfected with CYP1B1 siRNA was inhibited, and the number of MDA-MB -231 cells treated with EPA was significantly higher than that of the negative control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: CYP 1B 1 gene silencing inhibits the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells and reverses the inhibitory effect of EPA on the cell proliferation. EPA probably inhibits the cell proliferation through regulating the expression of CYP1B1 in breast cancer. © 2012 by Tumor.

Genetic Analyses of the Chimeric CYP11B1/CYP11B2 Gene in a Korean Family with Glucocorticoid-Remediable Aldosteronism

Glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism (GRA) is an autosomal-dominant inheritable form of hyperaldosteronism with early onset hypertension. GRA is caused by unequal crossing-over of the steroid 11beta-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) and aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) genes. As a result of chimeric gene duplication, aldosterone is ectopically synthesized in the adrenal zona fasciculata under the control of adrenocorticotropin. Here, we describe three cases of GRA in a Korean family. The proband-a 21-yr-old female-was incidentally found to have high blood pressure (170/108 mmHg). Her 46-yr-old father had been treated twice for cerebral hemorrhage at the ages of 29 and 39 yr. Her 15-yr-old brother had a 2-yr history of hypertension; however, he was never treated. Their laboratory test results showed normokalemia, hyporeninemia, hyperaldosteronism, and a high plasma aldosterone concentration-to-plasma renin activity ratio. Normal saline loading failed to suppress aldosterone secretion. However, dexamethasone administration effectively suppressed their plasma aldosterone concentrations. Following genetic analyses with PCR and direct sequencing to document the chimeric gene and crossover site, respectively, we identified CYP11B1/CYP11B2 and determined the breakpoint of unequal crossover to be located between intron 2 of CYP11B1 and exon 3 of CYP11B2.

Association of polymorphisms in aldosterone synthase and 11 beta-hydroxylase genes with the risk of primary aldosteronism / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To determine the association of mutations in aldosterone synthase (CYPllB2)and 11 beta-hydroxylase(CYP11B1)genes with primary aldosteronism(PA).Methods Five mutations of CYP11B2 and CYP11B1 genes were analyzed in patients with PA and normal population.Among them,intron 2 was detected by 2 independent PCR reactions,and the others were analyzed using Taqman probes.The Haploview 4.0,SNPassoc 1.5-3 and Haplo.stats 1.3.8 were used to analyse the association between polymorphisms and PA.Results All the selected mutations were successfully genetyped.Only rs64lO allelic frequencies in patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA)and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism(IHA)were significantly different with those in controls (P＜0.05).There was a relative excess of AA homozygotes and AG heterozygotes of rs6410 allele in APA group compared with control group(P＜0.01).There were significantly different genotypes AA and AG of rs6410 allele between patients with IHA and controls only after adjusted for age,gender,eeptible haplotype AAAWT was identified to be significantly associated with APA(OR=1.44,95%CI 1.19-1.76).Three susceptible haplotypes AAAWT,AGGWT and AGAWC were identified to be significantly associated with IHA(OR=1.55,95%CI 1.23-1.96;OR=1.49,95%CI 1.17-1.89;OR=1.40,95%CI 1.04-1.88).In contrast,1 protective haplotype GGAWT showed significant difference between patients with APA and controls(OR=0.73,95%CI 0.55-0.97).Conclusion There is a significant association between genetic variations in CYP11B2 and CYP11B1 genes and genetie predisposition to PA.

A Case of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia due to 11beta-Hydroxylase Deficiency / 대한내분비학회지

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia refers to a group of autosomal recessive disorders that is defective in the synthesis of cortisol. The enzymes most often affected are 21-hydroxylase and 11beta hydroxylase. The low levels of cortisol stimulate the pituitary gland to release ACTH. Chronic elevation of the ACTH level causes bilateral adrenal hyperplasia and a secondary increase in androgen formation. We examined a 19 year-old woman presented with clitoral hypertrophy and vaginal spotting. The subjects basal level of serum cortisol was low, but the serum levels of ACTH, 17a-hydroxyprogesterone, deoxy-corticosterone were elevated. The urinary excretions of 17-ketosteroids and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids were also increased. The karyotyping study and transrectal ultrasonography showed normal findings. The patient underwent clitoris reduction surgery and received hydrocortisone. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of 11beta-Hydroxylase deficiency in Korea.